Does habitat or depth influence catch rates of pelagic species?

نویسندگان

  • Keith A. Bigelow
  • Mark N. Maunder
چکیده

The efficiency of a pelagic longline fishing operation and the species composition of the resulting catch is influenced primarily by the relationship between the distribution of hooks and species vulnerability, with vulnerability described by either depth or some suite of environmental variables. We therefore fitted longline catch rate models to determine whether catch is estimated better by vertically distributing a species by depth or by environmental conditions (e.g., temperature, thermocline gradient, and oxygen concentration). Catch rates were estimated by two methods: (i) monitoring longlines where the vertical distribution of hooks and catch in relation to depth and environmental conditions is known, and (ii) applying a statistical habitat-based standardization (statHBS) model to fishery and environmental data to develop relative abundance indices for bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) and blue shark (Prionace glauca). Results indicated that an understanding of gear dynamics and environmental influences are important for analyzing catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) data correctly. Analyses based on depth-specific catch rates can lead to serious misinterpretation of abundance trends, despite the use of sophisticated statistical techniques (e.g., generalized linear mixed models). This illustrates that inappropriate inclusion or exclusion of important covariates can bias estimates of relative abundance, which may be a common occurrence in CPUE analysis. Résumé : L’efficacité d’une pêche commerciale pélagique à la palangre et la composition spécifique de la capture sont influencées principalement par la répartition des hameçons et la vulnérabilité des espèces; la vulnérabilité peut être décrite par la profondeur ou par un autre ensemble de variables environnementales. Nous avons donc ajusté des modèles de taux de capture à la palangre afin de déterminer si les captures sont mieux estimées lorsque les espèces sont réparties verticalement en fonction de la profondeur ou en fonction des conditions du milieu (par ex., la température, le gradient de la thermocline et la concentration d’oxygène). Nous avons estimé le taux de capture par deux méthodes : (i) en suivant des palangres pour lesquelles la répartition verticale des hameçons et le taux de capture en fonction de la profondeur et des conditions du milieu sont connus et (ii) en utilisant un modèle statistique de standardisation basé sur l’habitat (« statHBS ») avec des données de pêche et de conditions environnementales afin de générer des indices d’abondance relative pour le thon ventru (Thunnus obesus) et le requin bleu (Prionace glauca). Les résultats indiquent qu’une bonne compréhension de la dynamique des engins de pêche et des influences de l’environnement sont nécessaires pour pouvoir analyser correctement les données de capture par unité d’effort (CPUE). Les analyses basées sur les taux de capture spécifiques aux différentes profondeurs peuvent mener à une interprétation sérieusement faussée des tendances dans l’abondance, malgré l’utilisation de méthodes statistiques sophistiquées (par ex., les modèles linéaires généralisés de mélange). Cela illustre comment l’inclusion ou l’exclusion non appropriée de covariables importantes peut fausser les estimations de l’abondance relative, ce qui peut se produire couramment dans les analyses de CPUE. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Bigelow and Maunder 1594

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تاریخ انتشار 2007